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Gastric Ulcer

Gastric ulcers are the name for stomach ulcers. Esophageal ulcers are those that occur in the esophagus, which is the food channel that connects the stomach and the throat. We refer to lesions in the duodenum as duodenal ulcers.
Peptic ulcer disease is the umbrella term for all of these ulcer types. Duodenal and gastric ulcers are the two most prevalent forms.

Overview


It is estimated that peptic ulcer disease affects 4 million people annually worldwide. An opening in the stomach lining that pierces the muscular layer (muscularis mucosae) of the intestinal wall and measures more than 5 mm in diameter is known as a peptic ulcer. They are most frequently found on the proximal stomach's lesser curvature or the first part of the duodenum. Changes in the stomach's defense mechanisms can lead to modifications in the gastric mucosa, which can ultimately cause erosion and ulceration.


Causes


Ulcers are caused by an imbalance in the digestive fluids generated by the stomach and a number of factors that safeguard the stomach lining. Gastric ulcers are caused by various factors such as 

  • Helicobacter pylori infection, is a helix-shaped gram-negative bacteria in the stomach. 

  • NSAIDs like aspirin and Ibuprofen increase mucosa irritation while 

  • Stress

  • Diet

  • Smoking

  • Alcohol 

  • Chemotherapy

  • Crohn's disease can also contribute to the condition.


Symptoms


A dull or burning pain in the stomach is the most common symptom of a peptic ulcer. You could feel the pain anywhere from your breastbone to your belly button. Pain due to a peptic or stomach ulcer usually occurs when your stomach is empty, such as between meals or at night.Can momentarily cease if you consume food or take antacids. It could last for minutes to hours, or it could last for days, weeks, or months. Other less common symptoms and signs of a peptic ulcer include: 

  • Burning sensation in the stomach 

  • Burping and bloating  

  • Feeling extremely nauseous 

  • Appetite problems 

  • Vomiting 

  • Weight reduction 

  • Sensitivity to certain meals

  • Putrid-smelling stools

  • Worsening of the ulcer may cause symptoms of vomiting nausea and even in blood in vomitus.


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